When an electron beam impinges on a solid surface, it loses energy primarily by electron-electron interactions. In those interactions, the energy gained by electrons in the solid is often sufficient to ionize them; the electrons thus ionized are called secondary electrons SE.
Share via Email Ten employees of French telecoms giant Orange have committed suicide since the beginning of the year. Orange was formerly the state-owned France Telecom, which reported a similar wave of deaths between and The number of suicides so far this year is almost as high as for the whole of last year, when 11 workers took their own lives.
Of the 10 deaths this year — three women and seven men, the youngest aged 25 — eight have been directly linked to work, according to the observatory for stress and forced mobility, which is responsible for monitoring work conditions at the company.
On Wednesday the French health minister, Marisol Touraine, called the new deaths worrying. I know that the company and the unions are alert to this … we cannot leave the situation as it is," she told French radio.
The observatory was set up after the earlier wave of suicides caused widespread concern about working conditions and practices at the firm. He was lambasted and forced to apologise after suggesting suicide was a "fashion" at the company.
InLombard was put under formal police investigation accused of installing "brutal management methods" that amounted to "moral harassment". He remains under investigation.
An official report by the works inspectorate in blamed a climate of "management harassment" that it said had "psychologically weakened staff and attacked their physical and mental health".
Since then, Patrick Ackermann, delegate for the SUD union and member of the observatory, said the situation had eased, but last month the group issued a warning to management of a "dramatic worsening" of morale within the company to levels.
Factors driving workers to depression included a reduced workforce being asked to produce better results, staff being obliged to relocate, the threat of site closures and job losses, and an atmosphere of increased competition between workers.
France Telecom was privatised insparking a major restructuring and the loss of scores of jobs. The company, known since last year as Orange to match the name of its mobile phone operation, currently employs around , but has pledged further cuts to the workforce. In a statement, Orange admitted there had been "several suicides" this year, adding: But these situations remind us to be vigilant and for the need to repeatedly question the efficiency of the numerous preventative measures put in place several for the past few years.
France has a suicide rate of Of the estimated 10, suicides in France each year — 27 every day — at least can be directly linked to stress caused by work, but employment concerns are believed to be a factor in many more deaths.France has a suicide rate of per , inhabitants, well above the European average of per , people, three times higher than in Italy and Spain and twice the rate in Britain.
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See also a timeline of Britain TM, ®, Copyright © Piero Scaruffi All rights reserved. Oct the Italian explorer Cristoforo Colombo sails west on behalf of. It's midnight in Tokyo and Takehiro Onuki has just left the office, 16 hours after his shift began.
Onuki, a year-old salesman, is headed to the train station to catch the a.m. train, the. Orange S.A., formerly France Télécom S.A., is a French multinational telecommunications timberdesignmag.com has million customers worldwide and employs 95, people in France, and 59, elsewhere.
In , the group had revenue of €40 billion.
The company's head office is located in the 15th arrondissement of Paris. The current CEO is Stéphane Richard. Ten employees of French telecoms giant Orange have committed suicide since the beginning of the year.
Photograph: Philippe Huguen/AFP/Getty Images The French telecoms company Orange is on "serious alert" after reports of a .